Yes, thank you Andrew! The FY Income Limits data is exactly what I need for half of the problem: https://www.huduser.gov/portal/datasets/il.html#2020_data
This data helps capture the AMI at the county level and is updated annually. I can then use the 30%, 50% and 80% AMI or build calculated fields based on the AMI at the county level.
My next challenge is to pull together the areas designated as "Targeted Areas" by County. I located this Maryland file that has the list by County laid out perfectly. But rather than finding the state file, I want to find a US file by County to get a Yes indicator for all Counties designated "Targeted Area"
data.imap.maryland.gov/.../geoservice